DEGREES OF
COMPARISON
Degrees of comparison or
also called comparison degree is one of english grammar form that used for determine
the level of comparisons of the adjectives of the sentence or in daily
conversation. Based on its level, degrees of comparison are divided into three
types. And they are :
1. Positive degree (Tingkat positif/biasa/setara)
2. Comparative degree (Tingkat lebih)
3. Superlative degree (Tingkat paling)
1.
POSITIVE DEGREE (Tingkat setara)
Positive degree is
the bassic form of comparison degree. Because this type is not to compare the
adjective/adverb of the sentence, But is used to indicate an equivalent level
of the adjectives/adverbs. There are 2 kinds of positive degree’s formula, they
are USING “AS...AS” and USING “THE SAME AS....”
A.
USING “AS................AS”
This kinds and
pattern are used for the sentence that compare and using ADJECTIVES/ADVERBS in
the sentence.
Examples for
Adjectives : Examples for
Adverb:
Ø
Beautiful
Ø
Careful
Ø Quick
|
Ø
Beautifully
Ø
Carefully
Ø Quickly
|
Examples for
Subject + verb/tobe + as + adjective + as +
subject2 +(aux)
|
PATTERN :
SENTENCES
1.
Annisa
is as beautiful as ave is
2.
Wenni
sings as beautifully as beyonce does
3.
Yopi
speaks as good as juan does
4.
He is
as tall as his father
5.
Farug
is as handsome as greyson
|
NOTE
Adding
auxiliary verb in the sentence is based on the tenses at the sentence, and
you can see and know it from the verb/tobe at the sentence after the first
subject and auxiliary verb here it’s not a necesity when you use comparison
degree in daily conversation .
And
using adjectives or adverbs in the sentences is based on yourselves, based
on the sentence, and based on the function of the adjectives / adverbs that
we have learned before.
|
B. USING “THE SAME...............AS”
This kinds and
pattern are used for the sentences that compare and using NOUN in the sentence.
Examples for
Adjectives :
Ø Colour
Ø Lenght
Ø Price/Cost
Ø Etc.
|
Ø
Depth
Ø
Weight
Ø
Hight
Ø Strengt
|
Subject + tobe +
the same+ noun + as + subject2 + (aux)
|
PATTERN :
SENTENCES
1.
Ridho
is the same weight as cornellia
2.
Jlouis
is the same strenght as aderai
3.
Jacob
is the same age as greyson
4.
That
oranges is the same colour as mango
5.
Etc.
6.
7.
8.
That
oranges is the same colour as mango
9.
Etc.
10.
11. That oranges is the same colour as mango
12.
Etc.
13.
|
NOTE
In this kinds, is usual just used
tobe not verb in the sentence. Not like the first kinds using “as....as”.
and this type is using noun as the object that you will compare.
|
2. COMPARATIVE DEGREE (tingkat lebih)
This type is used
to compare the adjectives/adverbs of the subjects in the sentence. And showed
the level and one of the subjects is more than the one.
There’re four
problems that you have to know in using this type. And they are:
A. Using “–ER” (For one syllable)
You have to put
–ER at the last of the adjective/adverb which is one syllable(suku kata) on it.
Example:
Ø
Tall => Taller
Ø
Short =>Shorter
Ø Hot => Hotter
|
B. Using “–ER / more–“ (For two syllable)
You have to put –ER at the last of the
adjective/adverb in the sentences which is two syllable(suku kata) on it. And
you have to put More– before the adjective/adverb in the sentence which is two
syllable too. I think you’re confuse of when you must use –ER and when you have
to use More– right? Okay, it’s based on the english grammar rules. And you can
see it on the examples above :
Ø
Clever => Cleverer
Ø
Easy =>Easier
Ø
Handsome => More handsome
Ø
Stupid => More stupid
Ø Smart => Smarter
|
Example:
C. Using “more–“ (For three syllable)
SENTENCES
1. Ridho
is bigger than sartika
2. A
book is more expensive than a pen
3. My
father is older than my mother
4. Yopi’s
book is cheaper than tario’s book
5. Etc.
|
You have to put “more–“ before the
adjective/adverb in the sentence which is three syllable. And all of
adjective/adverb that three syllable are using it and you have to add “more-“
before the adjective/adverb.
Ø
Beautiful =>More beautiful
Ø
Careful =>More careful
Ø
Quickly =>More quickly
|
Example:
...
...
...
D. Using “than”
Using than in
comparative degree is like the pattern of this type. You have to use and put
“than” after the adjective/adverb in the sentence. and “than” in the sentence
is distinguesh this type from the other type.
3. SUPERLATIVE DEGREE (Tingkat paling)
This type is used to showed the most
level of the adjective/adverb in the sentence. it’s usual compare three or more
subjects in it. And there’re four problems that you have to know in using
superlative degree. They’re:
A. Using “–EST”
(The same function/using as “–ER” in comparative)
B. Using “–EST / most–“
(The same function/using as “–EST / most–” in
comparative)
C. Using “THE”
You have to put
“the” before the adjective/adverb in the sentence. it’s make this type
different from the other type that’s mean the most of all subjects in the
sentence. you can see it on the examples above :
Ø
Cleverest =>The cleverest
Ø
Fasthest =>The fastest
Ø
Most beautiful =>The most beautiful
|
Example:
SENTENCES
1.
Jacob whitesides
is the most handsome boy in the world
2.
Ronni
is the fastest rider in my class
3.
The
north pole is the coolest place in the world
4.
Ema is
the cutest girl in our class
|
D. USING “Of / Among / Adv of place”
Ø
Of all / of them / of the others / of us
Ø
Among all / among them / among the others / among
us
Ø
Adv of place
Example: In my class, in the world,
in my family, etc.
By using of all,of
them,among all, in my class or etc like above it means that you use superlative
degree to compare the subjects adjective/adverb is the most level from the
other subjects in the sentence. And it can be say the pattern of superlative
degree because you have to use it in the superlative degree sentences.
*ADDITONAL
IRREGULAR COMPARISON
NO
|
(+) DEGREE
|
COMPARATIVE
|
SUPERLATIVE
|
1.
|
Far
|
Farther/further
|
Farthest/furthest
|
2.
|
Much/Many
|
More
|
Most
|
3.
|
A little
|
Less
|
Least
|
4.
|
A
few
|
A
fewer
|
A
fewest
|
5.
|
Good/Well
|
Better
|
Best
|
6.
|
Bad/ill
|
Worse
|
Worst
|
AND ETC.....